报告人：瑞士苏黎世大学 Claudio J. Tessone

报告时间：2018年7月7日上午10:30

报告地点：淮安神旺大酒店会议报告厅

报告摘要：Blockchains have disrupted the way of thinking decentralised systems: This mechanism allows the secure diffusion of information across a network without the need of a central (trusted) authority to enforce the emergence of consensus in the information that is exchanged and stored by its participants. Indeed, as a primary example, the digital currency Bitcoin is implemented on top of a blockchain, and its value is solely assigned by a (largely speculative) market. This talk is divided into two parts. First, the analysis of Bitcoin as a closed economy: having followed a technocratic approach in its immutable design, it is the only case of an economy where all monetary transactions can be traced back with full detail. Interestingly, its fixed incentive scheme has created the emergence of large levels of centralisation and economic flow, drastically different from its original conception. The second part of the presentation is about consensus in blockchain-based systems. While in the last years the number of its applications has increased enormously, little is known about their suitability in stressed working conditions. We introduce a stochastic modelling approach (an extension of the celebrated compartmental models) for these systems, identifying a phase transition from efficient consensus in the diffusion of information to a frustrated (congested) state where the information flow rapidly deteriorates.（区块链扰乱了分散系统的思维方式，这种机制允许信息在网络中安全扩散，而不需要一个中央(受信任的)权威来强制参与者在交换和存储的信息中出现共识。数字货币比特币作为区块链的应用主要案例，其价值仅由一个投机性市场来分配。本讲座分为两部分。首先，对比特币作为封闭经济的分析，在其不变的设计中遵循了一种技术统领的方式，这是唯一一个所有货币交易都能被详尽追溯的经济案例。有趣的是，它的固定激励机制催生了大规模的中央集权和经济流动，与最初的设想截然不同。报告的第二部分是基于区块链系统的共识。虽然在过去的几年中，其应用程序的数量有了巨大的增长，但人们对其在紧张工作环境中的适用性知之甚少。我们介绍了一种随机建模方法(著名分区模型的扩展)，确定了从信息传播的有效共识到信息流迅速恶化的拥塞状态的相变过程。）

报告人简介：Claudio J. Tessone is Assistant Professor for Network Science at the University of Zurich (Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Information Technologies), where he also serves as co-director of the University Priority Programme on Social Networks. He holds a Masters and PhD in Physics, where he studied stochastic processes and the role of heterogeneity in complex, interacting systems. Prior to his current appointment, he was senior researcher at the Chair of Systems Design of the Department of Management, Economics and Technology at ETH Zurich, where he obtained a Habilitation on "Complex socio-economic systems". Further, he is founding member of the Blockchain Cantre UZH. He is an expert in the modelling of economic, social and technical systems from a quantitative and interdisciplinary perspective with 70 publications in diverse areas. This includes: blockchain and cryptocurrencies, knowledge flow within and across organisations, network nestedness, influencer identification in temporal networks.（Claudio J. Tessone拥有物理学硕士和博士学位，是苏黎世大学（经济学，工商管理和信息技术学院）网络科学助理教授，他还担任大学优先计划社会网络方向的联合主任。主要研究随机过程和异质性在复杂的相互作用系统中的作用。在此之前，他是苏黎世联邦理工学院管理，经济和技术系系统设计系主任的高级研究员。此外，他还是苏黎士大学区块链研究中心的创始成员。他是定量和跨学科视角下的经济，社会和技术系统建模方面的专家，在不同领域有70篇学术论文，其中包括：区块链和加密货币，组织内和组织间的知识流，网络嵌套，时间网络中的影响者识别。）